1 Kings 1:42

Authorized King James Version

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And while he yet spake, behold, Jonathan the son of Abiathar the priest came: and Adonijah said unto him, Come in; for thou art a valiant man, and bringest good tidings.

Original Language Analysis

עוֹדֶ֣נּוּ H5750
עוֹדֶ֣נּוּ
Strong's: H5750
Word #: 1 of 17
properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more
מְדַבֵּ֔ר And while he yet spake H1696
מְדַבֵּ֔ר And while he yet spake
Strong's: H1696
Word #: 2 of 17
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
וְהִנֵּ֧ה H2009
וְהִנֵּ֧ה
Strong's: H2009
Word #: 3 of 17
lo!
יֽוֹנָתָ֛ן behold Jonathan H3129
יֽוֹנָתָ֛ן behold Jonathan
Strong's: H3129
Word #: 4 of 17
jonathan, the name of ten israelites
בֶּן the son H1121
בֶּן the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 5 of 17
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
אֶבְיָתָ֥ר of Abiathar H54
אֶבְיָתָ֥ר of Abiathar
Strong's: H54
Word #: 6 of 17
ebjathar, an israelite
הַכֹּהֵ֖ן the priest H3548
הַכֹּהֵ֖ן the priest
Strong's: H3548
Word #: 7 of 17
literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
בֹּ֔א came H935
בֹּ֔א came
Strong's: H935
Word #: 8 of 17
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר said H559
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 9 of 17
to say (used with great latitude)
אֲדֹֽנִיָּ֙הוּ֙ and Adonijah H138
אֲדֹֽנִיָּ֙הוּ֙ and Adonijah
Strong's: H138
Word #: 10 of 17
adonijah, the name of three israelites
בֹּ֔א came H935
בֹּ֔א came
Strong's: H935
Word #: 11 of 17
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
כִּ֣י H3588
כִּ֣י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 12 of 17
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
אִ֥ישׁ man H376
אִ֥ישׁ man
Strong's: H376
Word #: 13 of 17
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
חַ֛יִל for thou art a valiant H2428
חַ֛יִל for thou art a valiant
Strong's: H2428
Word #: 14 of 17
probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength
אַ֖תָּה H859
אַ֖תָּה
Strong's: H859
Word #: 15 of 17
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
וְט֥וֹב good H2896
וְט֥וֹב good
Strong's: H2896
Word #: 16 of 17
good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good
תְּבַשֵּֽׂר׃ and bringest H1319
תְּבַשֵּֽׂר׃ and bringest
Strong's: H1319
Word #: 17 of 17
properly, to be fresh, i.e., full (rosy, figuratively cheerful); to announce (glad news)

Analysis & Commentary

And while he yet spake, behold, Jonathan the son of Abiathar the priest came: and Adonijah said unto him, Come in; for thou art a valiant man, and bringest good tidings.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of solomon's accession and adonijah's rebellion, within the book's focus on succession narrative and establishment of Solomon's reign.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. This passage describes events around 970 BCE during the transition from David to Solomon.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Questions for Reflection

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